從法政策學觀點論「我國特別犧牲之損失補償制度」建構之困境-以既成道路補償...
國立高雄大學政治法律學系碩士班

 

  • 從法政策學觀點論「我國特別犧牲之損失補償制度」建構之困境-以既成道路補償為中心 = Constitution Difficulty on “Special Sacrifice Damage Compensation System in Taiwan”, from the Perspective of Legal Policy making : A Case Study of Existing Road Compensation
  • 紀錄類型: 書目-語言資料,印刷品 : 單行本
    並列題名: Constitution Difficulty on “Special Sacrifice Damage Compensation System in Taiwan”, from the Perspective of Legal Policy making : A Case Study of Existing Road Compensation
    作者: 賴世昌,
    其他團體作者: 國立高雄大學
    出版地: [高雄市]
    出版者: 撰者;
    出版年: 2008[民97]
    面頁冊數: 288面圖,表 : 30公分;
    標題: 法政策學
    標題: legal policymaking
    電子資源: http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/27593076710101119101
    附註: 指導教授:廖義銘、謝立功、李俊增
    附註: 參考書目:面265-274
    摘要註: 我國尚無統一的「損失補償」法典,尤其在「應予補償之財產權限制」方面,我國實務上向採「損失補償法定原則」,以致像具有公用地役關係之既成道路,對其土地所有權人之財產權之限制(侵害),已形成特別犧牲者,在法律漏未規定之情形下,即使業經司法院大法官釋字第400號解釋應予補償,行政法院仍堅持在無實定法依據之前,不能逕以大法官解釋為請求權基礎而提出補償請求,而駁回任何有關既成道路補償請求之行政訴訟。此種見解與西方民主先進國家之德國「類似徵收侵害」制度及美國「管制準徵收」制度亦為法律漏未規定下,經由司法實務運作之法官造法形成「應予補償」之判例法法理有異,造成我國學說與實務上的極大爭議。本文第三章乃對此將國內文獻中有關德國、美國之「特別犧牲制度」之理論與實務加以探討並系統整理。至既成道路補償問題既乏法律依據何以政府不積極立法,使我國財產權限制之特別犧牲損失補償得以法制化,竟以財源困難而主張「窮困抗辯」於先,近三年來又以「窮變性裁量」採取「競價標售」之措施取得既成道路於後,究竟我國在處理既成道路問題上面臨何種困難?本文在第四章即以法政策學觀點並採三層次分析架構來析論「我國財產權限制之特別犧牲補償制度」之建構困境。然後於第五章提出本文之「結論」:政府部門在財政困難下不應將「既成道路問題」之處理與「徵收補償制度」聯結;「建議」政府在財政能力許可範圍內,以「衡平補償」給付標準,來推動「財產權限制之特別犧牲補償制度」之相關立法(包括針對既成道路補償之特別立法及行政損失補償之統一法典)。 There is not yet a uniform legal statue of “damage compensation”, particularly “compensation for limitations on property right”. In practice, “legal principle for damage compensation” is adopted for existing roads for public use. For land owners, the limitation (damage) of property right has caused special sacrifice. Due to inadequate legal provision, the administrative court still insists the party involved cannot request for compensation based on Shih-Tze-Di#400, the interpretation from Justices in Constitutional Court, Judicial Yuan in the case that support of substantial legal statue is not existent. The administrative court rejects all administrative lawsuit of any compensation request for damage of existing roads. This viewpoint is different from the system in Western countries such as “quasi-expropriation damage” system in German and “control quasi-expropriation” system in the U.S., which have legal precedents for “compensation obligation” determined by judges who operate the judicial practice; thus, there is great argument in terms of theory and practice in Taiwan. In this paper, Chapter 3 is the literature review concerning theory and practice of “special sacrifice system” in German and the U.S. to investigate and systematically organize the issue. Why is the government not active in legislative action on the compensation issue of existing roads so that the special sacrifice of damage compensation due to limitation of property right in Taiwan may be legalized? Using an excuse of financial difficulty in “poverty counterargument”, the government has adopted “contingency consideration” in recent three years to obtain ownership of the existing roads through “bidding sales”. After all, what difficulty does the country face
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