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Three essays in public finance.

University of Michigan.

Three essays in public finance.

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Three essays in public finance.
作者:	Walsh, Patrick M.
面頁冊數:	116 p.
附註:	Adviser: James R. Hines, Jr.
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: A, page: 2678.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International67-07A.
標題:	Economics, General.
電子資源:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3224778
ISBN:	9780542791154

Three essays in public finance.
Walsh, Patrick M.

Three essays in public finance. - 116 p.

Adviser: James R. Hines, Jr.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2006.

A primary explanation for sub-optimal worker-job matches is a prospective worker's imperfect information about his or her own skills. College classes in specific fields are thought to reveal new information about specific skills, potentially improving match quality. This paper tests that theory by asking whether grades in a specific field can help a student predict labor-market outcomes in that field. Field-specific CPA significantly predicts employment Business, Education, Engineering, and medical fields. Field-specific CPA also significantly predicts income in Business and Education. Although grades do provide predictive power, however, they explain a modest share of overall variation in outcomes.

ISBN: 9780542791154Subjects--Topical Terms:

212429
Economics, General.

Three essays in public finance.
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520 # $a A primary explanation for sub-optimal worker-job matches is a prospective worker's imperfect information about his or her own skills. College classes in specific fields are thought to reveal new information about specific skills, potentially improving match quality. This paper tests that theory by asking whether grades in a specific field can help a student predict labor-market outcomes in that field. Field-specific CPA significantly predicts employment Business, Education, Engineering, and medical fields. Field-specific CPA also significantly predicts income in Business and Education. Although grades do provide predictive power, however, they explain a modest share of overall variation in outcomes.
520 # $a Parents who lobby their school for better or increased educational resources may be providing a school-wide public good. However, they may also be capturing a larger share of school resources, possibly leaving other families worse off. A regression of within-school variation in input quality on parent-initiated school contact identifies this "private-good" effect, using involvement in civic organizations to instrument for contact. Parental contact raises the probability of inclusion in a gifted program by 20%. At the average school, the highest "non-gifted" students significantly outscore the lowest "gifted" students, suggesting that this lobbying crowds out deserving students. Alongside these private-good effects, involved parents also provide public goods: again instrumenting with civic involvement, higher participation in a school's parent-teacher organization leads to a higher probability that principals frequently observe and evaluate all teachers at that school.
520 # $a Sorting of families among school districts suggests that, because most "high-ability" families have already left for suburban districts or private schools, the composition of troubled schools would be little affected by school choice plans. By ignoring sorting among public schools, popular cream-skimming simulations over-estimate within-school heterogeneity and thus exaggerate the cream-skimming effect. This paper then asks, "given the current level of within-school heterogeneity, how strong would peer effects have to be to significantly worsen outcomes for those left behind?" Since relatively homogenous schools cannot experience large changes in composition, peer effects would have to be orders of magnitude larger than any other predictors of achievement in order for cream skimming to have any bite.
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