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蘇力菌以色列亞種對抗登革熱病媒蚊之模擬試驗與田野評估 = Simulat...

國立高雄大學運動健康與休閒學系碩士班

蘇力菌以色列亞種對抗登革熱病媒蚊之模擬試驗與田野評估 = Simulation and Field Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against Dengue Vectors

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : 單行本
並列題名:	Simulation and Field Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against Dengue Vectors
作者:	蔡佩蓉,
其他團體作者:	國立高雄大學
出版地:	[高雄市]
出版者:	撰者;
出版年:	民99[2010]
面頁冊數:	120面圖，表 : 30公分;
標題:	埃及斑蚊
標題:	Aedes aegypti
電子資源:	http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/07769629399929312751
摘要註:	台灣高雄地區因長期執行登革熱化學防制,登革熱病媒蚊已對除蟲菊精類之殺蟲劑產生抗藥性，蘇力菌以色列亞種為安全環保之生物殺蟲劑，故本研究欲瞭解蘇力菌以色列亞種對登革熱病媒蚊之殺滅效果及殘效性。室外與室內模擬試驗，以埃及斑蚊感性品系(Bora Bora)、高雄市埃及斑蚊野外品系及白線斑蚊野外品系之孑孓置於容器內裝60公升除氯水，每組五重複，以Bti水散粒劑型VectoBac(WDG)，分別以4公克/1000公升及8公克/1000公升之劑量分散投入；另不投藥為對照組；計數半數致死時間及24小時與48小時死亡率評估其殺滅效果；另每隔7日，不再加入藥劑但放入上述登革熱病媒蚊，並計數半數致死時間及24小時與48小時死亡率，以評估其殘效性(水量維持60公升)。依Finney Probit Analysis 計算半數致死時間(LT50)，及Abbott %校正死亡率計算。室外田野試驗區選取公寓型住宅兩鄰近且相似之區塊作為實驗區及對照區，評估施藥前、施藥期間與施藥後誘蚊產卵指數，於施藥期間每週一次，連續6次的水域及非水域Bti施藥。室內田野試驗選取積水地下室30處，噴灑或投入Bti進行埃及斑蚊幼蟲防治，施藥24小時後觀察蚊蟲幼蟲死亡率，評估其殺滅效果，而後每週定期觀察是否有蚊蟲孳生之情形。以Bti對登革熱病媒蚊幼蟲不論室外或室內之模擬試驗半數致死時間均少於半小時，為立即性的殺滅效果；室外模擬試驗防治成效之殘效性僅至一週達100%死亡率。室內模擬試驗防治成效之殘效性可至8週達100%死亡率。室外田野試驗之防治成效，每週施用Bti一次，實驗區相較對照區之誘蚊產卵指數顯著下降，停止施藥後一週，實驗區之誘蚊產卵指數則迅速回升高於對照區。室內田野試驗之防治成效，於24小時死亡率之殺滅效果達100%；其殘效性至少8週以上之24小時死亡率達100%。 Bti得以做為迅速毒殺登革熱病媒蚊幼蟲之生物性殺蟲劑。室外田野防治應每週施用Bti一次為有效。室內防治成效之殘效性皆較室外為長。故建議施用Bti於室內得較好之殘效期，且Bti於飲用水中為安全(WHO, 1999)，使用於大型儲水系統亦可安心。本實驗蘇力菌殺蟲劑為水散劑型，適用於大範圍噴灑，可用於無法傾倒、難以處理之積水處。 Because Kaohsiung area of Taiwan carries out chemistry control against dengue fever for a long time, these vectors have been resulted in resistance of pyrethrum. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) is a biological insecticides of safety and environmental protection. This study was designed to the effectiveness and residual efficacy of Bti against dengue vectors. Aedes aegypti susceptible strain (Bora-bora), Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus wild strains of Kaohsiung was released to containers filled with 60 L dechlorinated tap water indoor and outdoor. Each set of experiment was performed in five times. The usage of Bti water dispersible granular formulation VectoBac (WDG) was dispersed each dosage of 4 g/1000 L and 8 g/1000 L, respectively. The control groups were treated without the dosage. Lethal time 50% (LT50) and 24 h and 48 h mortality were determined to assess the killing effectiveness. In intervals of 7 days, the dengue vectors were added to determine LT50 and 24 h and 48 h mortality for the assessment of residual effects (water was filled 60 L). LT50 were calculated according to Finney Probit Analysis and mortalities were corrected with the Abbott’s formula. Outdoor field trials selected apartment type residential area and the similarity of the two neighboring blocks as the experimental area and control area to assess the ovitrap index of before treatment, during the application and after treatment. During the treatment spraying once a week for 6 times to water and non-water area. Indoor field trials selected the basement of 30 water places, spraying or putting Bti to control Aedes aegypti larvae, and observed 24 hours larvae mortality after Bti treatment. To assess killing effect, observed mosquito breeding situation weekly. Bti against larvae of dengue vectors to both outdoor or indoor simulation tests are less than half the time half an hour death, for the immediate killing effect; outdoor simulation results of the residual effect of control only to a week, 100% mortality. Control laboratory experiment of the effectiveness of the residual effect of 8 weeks can be to 100% mortality. Outdoor field trials of the effectiveness of prevention, application of Bti once a week, compared with the control experiment area area ovitrap indices decreased significantly, one week after cessation of spraying the experimental area ovitrap index higher than the control area. Indoor field tests of control effectiveness, the killing effect of 24-hour mortality was 100%; the residual effect of at least 8 weeks or more 24-hour mortality rate was 100%. Bti can be used as quickly kill dengue vectors of biological pesticides. Outdoor field control should be effective once a week with Bti application. The residual effects indoor were longer than outdoor. It suggested that a better Bti application in the interior to reach good residual effects. Bti in the drinking water is safety (WHO, 1999). The Bti formulation evaluated in this study should be suitable for application to large-scale spraying, especially in stagnant water bodies.

蘇力菌以色列亞種對抗登革熱病媒蚊之模擬試驗與田野評估 = Simulation and Field Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against Dengue Vectors
蔡, 佩蓉

蘇力菌以色列亞種對抗登革熱病媒蚊之模擬試驗與田野評估 = Simulation and Field Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against Dengue Vectors / 蔡佩蓉撰 - [高雄市] : 撰者, 民99[2010]. - 120面 ; 圖，表 ; 30公分.
參考書目：面.
埃及斑蚊Aedes aegypti

蘇力菌以色列亞種對抗登革熱病媒蚊之模擬試驗與田野評估 = Simulation and Field Studies of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against Dengue Vectors
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330 $a 台灣高雄地區因長期執行登革熱化學防制,登革熱病媒蚊已對除蟲菊精類之殺蟲劑產生抗藥性，蘇力菌以色列亞種為安全環保之生物殺蟲劑，故本研究欲瞭解蘇力菌以色列亞種對登革熱病媒蚊之殺滅效果及殘效性。室外與室內模擬試驗，以埃及斑蚊感性品系(Bora Bora)、高雄市埃及斑蚊野外品系及白線斑蚊野外品系之孑孓置於容器內裝60公升除氯水，每組五重複，以Bti水散粒劑型VectoBac(WDG)，分別以4公克/1000公升及8公克/1000公升之劑量分散投入；另不投藥為對照組；計數半數致死時間及24小時與48小時死亡率評估其殺滅效果；另每隔7日，不再加入藥劑但放入上述登革熱病媒蚊，並計數半數致死時間及24小時與48小時死亡率，以評估其殘效性(水量維持60公升)。依Finney Probit Analysis 計算半數致死時間(LT50)，及Abbott %校正死亡率計算。室外田野試驗區選取公寓型住宅兩鄰近且相似之區塊作為實驗區及對照區，評估施藥前、施藥期間與施藥後誘蚊產卵指數，於施藥期間每週一次，連續6次的水域及非水域Bti施藥。室內田野試驗選取積水地下室30處，噴灑或投入Bti進行埃及斑蚊幼蟲防治，施藥24小時後觀察蚊蟲幼蟲死亡率，評估其殺滅效果，而後每週定期觀察是否有蚊蟲孳生之情形。以Bti對登革熱病媒蚊幼蟲不論室外或室內之模擬試驗半數致死時間均少於半小時，為立即性的殺滅效果；室外模擬試驗防治成效之殘效性僅至一週達100%死亡率。室內模擬試驗防治成效之殘效性可至8週達100%死亡率。室外田野試驗之防治成效，每週施用Bti一次，實驗區相較對照區之誘蚊產卵指數顯著下降，停止施藥後一週，實驗區之誘蚊產卵指數則迅速回升高於對照區。室內田野試驗之防治成效，於24小時死亡率之殺滅效果達100%；其殘效性至少8週以上之24小時死亡率達100%。 Bti得以做為迅速毒殺登革熱病媒蚊幼蟲之生物性殺蟲劑。室外田野防治應每週施用Bti一次為有效。室內防治成效之殘效性皆較室外為長。故建議施用Bti於室內得較好之殘效期，且Bti於飲用水中為安全(WHO, 1999)，使用於大型儲水系統亦可安心。本實驗蘇力菌殺蟲劑為水散劑型，適用於大範圍噴灑，可用於無法傾倒、難以處理之積水處。 Because Kaohsiung area of Taiwan carries out chemistry control against dengue fever for a long time, these vectors have been resulted in resistance of pyrethrum. Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) is a biological insecticides of safety and environmental protection. This study was designed to the effectiveness and residual efficacy of Bti against dengue vectors. Aedes aegypti susceptible strain (Bora-bora), Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus wild strains of Kaohsiung was released to containers filled with 60 L dechlorinated tap water indoor and outdoor. Each set of experiment was performed in five times. The usage of Bti water dispersible granular formulation VectoBac (WDG) was dispersed each dosage of 4 g/1000 L and 8 g/1000 L, respectively. The control groups were treated without the dosage. Lethal time 50% (LT50) and 24 h and 48 h mortality were determined to assess the killing effectiveness. In intervals of 7 days, the dengue vectors were added to determine LT50 and 24 h and 48 h mortality for the assessment of residual effects (water was filled 60 L). LT50 were calculated according to Finney Probit Analysis and mortalities were corrected with the Abbott’s formula. Outdoor field trials selected apartment type residential area and the similarity of the two neighboring blocks as the experimental area and control area to assess the ovitrap index of before treatment, during the application and after treatment. During the treatment spraying once a week for 6 times to water and non-water area. Indoor field trials selected the basement of 30 water places, spraying or putting Bti to control Aedes aegypti larvae, and observed 24 hours larvae mortality after Bti treatment. To assess killing effect, observed mosquito breeding situation weekly. Bti against larvae of dengue vectors to both outdoor or indoor simulation tests are less than half the time half an hour death, for the immediate killing effect; outdoor simulation results of the residual effect of control only to a week, 100% mortality. Control laboratory experiment of the effectiveness of the residual effect of 8 weeks can be to 100% mortality. Outdoor field trials of the effectiveness of prevention, application of Bti once a week, compared with the control experiment area area ovitrap indices decreased significantly, one week after cessation of spraying the experimental area ovitrap index higher than the control area. Indoor field tests of control effectiveness, the killing effect of 24-hour mortality was 100%; the residual effect of at least 8 weeks or more 24-hour mortality rate was 100%. Bti can be used as quickly kill dengue vectors of biological pesticides. Outdoor field control should be effective once a week with Bti application. The residual effects indoor were longer than outdoor. It suggested that a better Bti application in the interior to reach good residual effects. Bti in the drinking water is safety (WHO, 1999). The Bti formulation evaluated in this study should be suitable for application to large-scale spraying, especially in stagnant water bodies.
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