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台灣女性勞動參與之研究 = An Analysis of Female ...

何詩婷

台灣女性勞動參與之研究 = An Analysis of Female Labor Force Participation in Taiwan

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,印刷品 : 單行本
並列題名:	An Analysis of Female Labor Force Participation in Taiwan
作者:	何詩婷,
其他團體作者:	國立高雄大學
出版地:	[高雄市]
出版者:	撰者;
出版年:	2013[民102]
面頁冊數:	67面圖，表格 : 30公分;
標題:	勞動參與率
標題:	labor force participation rate
電子資源:	http://handle.ncl.edu.tw/11296/ndltd/04793101391718392202
附註:	參考書目：面47-49
附註:	102年10月31日公開
摘要註:	台灣勞動市場在過去35年間，雖然總勞動參與率的波動幅度不大，但男性勞動參與率呈現逐年下降的趨勢，而女性勞動參與率卻逐年上升，因此本文以女性勞動參與行為為主要研究對象，另根據男女勞動參與率反向變動趨勢，進一步探討夫妻間勞動狀態是否存在替代或互補關係。我們使用1978至2012年「人力運用調查」資料，在夫妻配對資料上，除了選取戶長及其配偶的樣本之外，額外保留了子女及子女配偶的資料。文中首先分析25-64歲女性勞動人口，以個人特徵如年齡、教育程度及婚姻狀況分組，初步探討女性勞動參與率的變動主要因勞動參與行為的變動或人口結構變動所致。我們的分解結果顯示1978-1988年間勞動參與率的變動，主要來自於勞動參與行為的改變；在1988-1998年間，則主要來自教育結構的改變；而在1998-2012年主要來自教育結構和婚姻結構的改變。隨後我們利用Logit迴歸模型，分別對整體25-64歲女性和已婚女性之樣本進行分析，以評估個人特徵、家庭狀況以及丈夫特徵變數對勞動參與率的影響。在父母變數方面，實證結果顯示女方父或母較男方父或母較能提高已婚女性的勞動參與率，且母親對已婚女性進入勞動市場的幫助較大。另外，其估計結果亦顯示與父母同住對照護幼兒並無太大的效果。最後，我們進一步討論各年齡層已婚女性的勞動參與行為，估計結果顯示有未滿六歲小孩對25-34歲已婚女性的勞動參與有很大的負面影響，而丈夫是否參與勞動市場對25-34歲和35-44歲已婚女性的影響不大，但對45-54歲和55-64歲已婚女性的影響卻較為明顯。在夫妻間勞動狀態的關係上，當丈夫參與勞動市場時，無論其為失業或就業狀態，其配偶參與勞動市場的機率將隨之提高。若丈夫為失業者，可能導致已婚女性必須進入勞動市場工作以賺取薪資貼補家用，顯示夫妻勞動力的替代關係；若丈夫為就業者，考慮到夫妻可能共同規劃休閒娛樂時間，如果丈夫仍為工作者，則會提高其進入勞動市場工作的意願，顯示夫妻間休閒時間可能具互補關係。　　Over the past three decades, the labor force participation rate(LFPR) remains stable in the labor market of Taiwan. However, the male LFPR is declining. In the same time, the female LFPR grows steadily. According to this phenomenon, we focus our analysis on the female labor supply. Due to reversed trends of male and female LFPR, we further investigate whether a substitution or complementary relationship exists between time allocation of husband and wife. We use data from the 1978-2012 Manpower Utilization Survey. For the sample of couples, we include the sample of householders and their spouses and the sample of householders' children and their spouses. We first decompose changes of the LFPR by changes in structures of age, education, or marital status. The results show that the growth of the female LFPR from 1978 to 1988 is mainly attributable to changes of participation behavior. During the period from 1988 to 1998, changes of the female LFPRs are partly due to the rise of female education. An increase in the female LFPRs is caused by changes of educational and marital structures from 1998 to 2012. Secondly, we use Logit regression model to estimate the labor force participation of women and married women, respectively. The empirical results show that living with wife's father or mother increases the female LFPR. The effect is greater than that of living with husband's father or mother. Married women living with parents don’t ease the negative effect of having children aged less than 6 years old on their labor force participation. Finally, we estimate the labor force participation of married women for different age groups. With children aged under six years old have a large negative effect on the LFPR of married women aged 25-34. Husband's participation in the labor market has little effect on the LFPR of wife aged 25-34 and 35-44, while the effects on that of wife aged 45-54 and 55-64 are statistically significant. Husbands being unemployed will increase the LFPR of married women. That is consistent with the added-worker effect discussed in the literature. Moreover, husband being employed will increase the LFPR of married women. It implies that the complementarities of leisure time between husband and wife.

台灣女性勞動參與之研究 = An Analysis of Female Labor Force Participation in Taiwan
何, 詩婷

台灣女性勞動參與之研究 = An Analysis of Female Labor Force Participation in Taiwan / 何詩婷撰 - [高雄市] : 撰者, 2013[民102]. - 67面 ; 圖，表格 ; 30公分.
參考書目：面47-49102年10月31日公開.
勞動參與率labor force participation rate

台灣女性勞動參與之研究 = An Analysis of Female Labor Force Participation in Taiwan
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330 $a 　　台灣勞動市場在過去35年間，雖然總勞動參與率的波動幅度不大，但男性勞動參與率呈現逐年下降的趨勢，而女性勞動參與率卻逐年上升，因此本文以女性勞動參與行為為主要研究對象，另根據男女勞動參與率反向變動趨勢，進一步探討夫妻間勞動狀態是否存在替代或互補關係。我們使用1978至2012年「人力運用調查」資料，在夫妻配對資料上，除了選取戶長及其配偶的樣本之外，額外保留了子女及子女配偶的資料。文中首先分析25-64歲女性勞動人口，以個人特徵如年齡、教育程度及婚姻狀況分組，初步探討女性勞動參與率的變動主要因勞動參與行為的變動或人口結構變動所致。我們的分解結果顯示1978-1988年間勞動參與率的變動，主要來自於勞動參與行為的改變；在1988-1998年間，則主要來自教育結構的改變；而在1998-2012年主要來自教育結構和婚姻結構的改變。隨後我們利用Logit迴歸模型，分別對整體25-64歲女性和已婚女性之樣本進行分析，以評估個人特徵、家庭狀況以及丈夫特徵變數對勞動參與率的影響。在父母變數方面，實證結果顯示女方父或母較男方父或母較能提高已婚女性的勞動參與率，且母親對已婚女性進入勞動市場的幫助較大。另外，其估計結果亦顯示與父母同住對照護幼兒並無太大的效果。最後，我們進一步討論各年齡層已婚女性的勞動參與行為，估計結果顯示有未滿六歲小孩對25-34歲已婚女性的勞動參與有很大的負面影響，而丈夫是否參與勞動市場對25-34歲和35-44歲已婚女性的影響不大，但對45-54歲和55-64歲已婚女性的影響卻較為明顯。在夫妻間勞動狀態的關係上，當丈夫參與勞動市場時，無論其為失業或就業狀態，其配偶參與勞動市場的機率將隨之提高。若丈夫為失業者，可能導致已婚女性必須進入勞動市場工作以賺取薪資貼補家用，顯示夫妻勞動力的替代關係；若丈夫為就業者，考慮到夫妻可能共同規劃休閒娛樂時間，如果丈夫仍為工作者，則會提高其進入勞動市場工作的意願，顯示夫妻間休閒時間可能具互補關係。　　Over the past three decades, the labor force participation rate(LFPR) remains stable in the labor market of Taiwan. However, the male LFPR is declining. In the same time, the female LFPR grows steadily. According to this phenomenon, we focus our analysis on the female labor supply. Due to reversed trends of male and female LFPR, we further investigate whether a substitution or complementary relationship exists between time allocation of husband and wife. We use data from the 1978-2012 Manpower Utilization Survey. For the sample of couples, we include the sample of householders and their spouses and the sample of householders' children and their spouses. We first decompose changes of the LFPR by changes in structures of age, education, or marital status. The results show that the growth of the female LFPR from 1978 to 1988 is mainly attributable to changes of participation behavior. During the period from 1988 to 1998, changes of the female LFPRs are partly due to the rise of female education. An increase in the female LFPRs is caused by changes of educational and marital structures from 1998 to 2012. Secondly, we use Logit regression model to estimate the labor force participation of women and married women, respectively. The empirical results show that living with wife's father or mother increases the female LFPR. The effect is greater than that of living with husband's father or mother. Married women living with parents don’t ease the negative effect of having children aged less than 6 years old on their labor force participation. Finally, we estimate the labor force participation of married women for different age groups. With children aged under six years old have a large negative effect on the LFPR of married women aged 25-34. Husband's participation in the labor market has little effect on the LFPR of wife aged 25-34 and 35-44, while the effects on that of wife aged 45-54 and 55-64 are statistically significant. Husbands being unemployed will increase the LFPR of married women. That is consistent with the added-worker effect discussed in the literature. Moreover, husband being employed will increase the LFPR of married women. It implies that the complementarities of leisure time between husband and wife.
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