| 摘要註: |
我國在兩極化刑事政策下,「社區處遇」已經是未來的趨勢,因此,「社區處遇」在刑罰之執行上,日益扮演著重要之角色。許多專家學者認為,社區處遇具有良好理論基礎,對於減少再犯及促使犯罪人改善的需求上有卓越的貢獻,同時,成本較低廉,亦可減少部分機構性處遇之負面效果。雖然「社區處遇」有這樣好的優點,但我國在運用「社區處遇」的步調確實要比歐美國家要晚許多。然本文從「社會勞動制度」來探討我國「社區處遇」未來的發展,現以高雄地區執行易服社會勞動為例,透過文獻研究、實務工作者的訪談、執行社會勞動的統計數字及社會勞動制度相關人員的問卷分析,以瞭解「易服社會勞動制度」在執行上的問題,進而對我國「社會勞動制度」提出建言。由於國家的資源有限,民間的資源無窮,政府以公私協力夥伴關係的概念,建構出完整且有效益的「社區處遇」,易服社會勞動制度是社區處遇中一環,對於易服社會勞動制度在執行過程中所發生的問題,包括瞭解執行機構在刑罰執行與教化受刑人之間應如何區分?政府是否應與執行機構簽定委任契約或明定雙方間的權利義務關係?「易服社會勞動」係刑罰之執行,執行社會勞動機構及觀護佐理員的法律定位為何?這些都是本文所要探討的問題,據此對於爾後國家在推動社區處遇時,應思考與社區建立夥伴關係,讓政府與社區能共享資源,在平等互惠原則下,「社區處遇」才能發揮預防犯罪及矯正教化之功能,創造國家、社區及犯罪人三贏的局面,以達「刑之無刑」之目的。 Due to polarized view on criminal policy in Taiwan, conducting community treatment is an obvious future trend. As a result, community treatment plays a significant role in the criminal policy. Many experts believe community treatment has a respectable theoretical foundation, and has ade great contributions to both crime reduction and improvement of committees on crime. Furthermore, in addition to the reduction cost, community-based treatment can decrease negative effects on institutional treatment. In spite of the numerous advantages of conducting community treatment, implementation of community treatment in Taiwan continues to fall behind that in Europe and America. This thesis will include discussion of Community Treatment in Taiwan from the perspective of the social labor system. Existing social labor services diversion conducted in Kaohsiung Area will be taken as an example. Through studies, researches, interviews, statistics, and surveys, it will point out the problems with conducting the system, and offer suggestions regarding community treatment. because public resources are limited but private resources are unlimited, the government should construct sound and effective community treatment on the basis of public-private partnership. Social labor services diversion is part of community treatment. Problems include: How to differentiate legal punishment and educational penalties ? whether the government should sign contracts with conducting institutes or formulate rights and obligations? the legal orientations of the social labor institution and probation officers? When pushing forward social treatment systems, the government should build partnerships with communities in order to share resources under an egalitarian and mutually beneficial policy. In this way, community treatment can be used to the utmost in crime prevention and rehabilitation, creating a three-way win and achieving " punishment without crime" |