| 摘要註: |
本研究旨在探討健走運動介入對高職智能障礙學生身體組成的影響。健走運動對智能障礙學生而言,是生活中最基本、最簡單,也最不受外在因素限制與干擾的身體活動。以高雄市立楠梓特殊學校高職部一年級學生為主,利用每週三次,每次30分鐘,進行健走運動,持續12週共36次,完成12週健走運動共15人。身體組成分析係利用ioi體脂肪測量儀;並於介入前、介入第四週、第八週、第十二週、停止介入第四十週進行測量分析。參與者男性平均體重分別為67.76±14.00公斤、67.90±13.51公斤、67.20±13.74公斤及67.46±14.57公斤;女性平均體重分別為57.10±7.51公斤、57.01±6.86公斤、56.89±6.29公斤及57.21±6.47公斤,男性平均BMI分別為24.51±3.52 kg/m2、24.56±3.25 kg/m2、24.30±3.29 kg/m2及24.36±3.45 kg/m2;女性平均BMI分別為25.13±3.34 kg/m2、25.11±3.18 kg/m2、25.04±3.13 kg/m2及25.21±3.30 kg/m2,男性平均體脂肪重分別為15.41±7.68公斤、15.39±7.55公斤、15.16±7.52公斤及14.88±8.05公斤;女性平均體脂肪重分別為18.03±4.10公斤、17.94±3.99公斤、18.16±3.64公斤及18.04±3.39公斤。12週的健走運動數據分析指出,高職智能障礙學生於健走運動介入期間,在體重、BMI及體脂肪重並無明顯改變,顯示健走運動的介入對體重、BMI及體脂肪重控制的重要性。然而,健走運動介入結束後第10個月,再次測量學生的身體組成,結果顯示,男性平均體重為71.28±15.34公斤;女性平均體重為58.13±7.26公斤;男性平均BMI為26.00±3.82 kg/m2;女性平均BMI為25.67±4.18 kg/m2;男性平均體脂肪重為16.98±8.56公斤;女性平均體脂肪重為18.31±3.77公斤。結果指出,學生不論在體重、BMI及體脂肪重數據皆呈現上升;顯示,停止健走運動介入期間,學生因身體活動量不足致使體重、BMI及體脂肪重數據上升。因此,建議高職智能障礙學生應透過學校或家長,強力介入運動以維持適當的身體活動量,才能維持身體組成,降低肥胖等相關疾病的危險因素。 The purpose of this research was to explore the influences brisk walking intervention had on students with intellectual disability in vocational senior high school. For intellectually disabled students, brisk walking was the most basic and simplest, and also a kind of physical activity which was least restricted and interrupted by outer factors. The participants were the freshmen in Kaohsiung Municipal Nanzih Special School. The brisk walking program was conducted three times a week, and lasted for twelve weeks. It was totally conducted thirty six times. Each time the participants walked briskly for thirty minutes, and there were in total fifteen participants who finished the twelve-week walking program. The analysis and measurement of body composition were done by using Body Fat Monitor. They were conducted before the walking program, and also in the forth week, eighth week, and the twelfth week of the program.The results of this research showed the average weights of the male participants were 67.76±14.00 kilograms, 67.90±13.51 kilograms, 67.20±13.74 kilograms, and 67.46±14.57 kilograms. The average weights of the female participants were 57.10±7.51 kilograms, 57.01±6.86 kilograms, 56.89±6.29 kilograms, and 57.21±6.47 kilograms. The average BMIs of the male participants were 24.51±3.52 kg/m2, 24.56±3.25 kg/m2, 24.30±3.29 kg/m2, and 24.36±3.45 kg/m2. The average BMIs of the female participants were 25.13±3.34 kg/m2, 25.11±3.18 kg/m2, 25.04±3.13 kg/m2, and 25.21±3.30 kg/m2. The average body fat weights of the male participants were 15.41±7.68 kilograms, 15.39±7.55 kilograms, 15.16±7.52 kilograms, and 14.88±8.05 kilograms. The average body fat weights of the female participants were 18.03±4.10 kilograms, 17.94±3.99 kilograms, 18.16±3.64 kilograms, and 18.04±3.39 kilograms. The number analysis of the twelve-week brisk walking program indicated that intellectually disabled students in vocational senior high school did not have significant changes in their weights, BMIs, and body fat weights during the program. It showed the importance of controling weights, BMIs, and body fat weights by the intervention of the brisk walking program.However, in the tenth month after the brisk walking program, the researcher again measured the body composition of the participants. The results showed the average weight of the male was 71.28±15.34 kilograms, and that of the female was 58.13±7.26 kilograms. The average BMI of the male was 26.00±3.82 kg/m2, and that of the female was 25.67±4.18 kg/m2. The average body fat weight of the male was 16.98±8.56 kilograms, and that of the female was 18.31±3.77 kilograms. It indicated that all of the number of the weight, BMI, and body fat weight increased, and the increase of the number resulted from low physical activity after the brisk walking program stopped. Therefore, we suggested that intellectually disabled students in vocational senior high school should be strongly forced to exercise through their teachers and parents, so as to maintain enough physical activity and body composition, and to reduce the dangerous factors in obesity and other related diseases. |