| 摘要註: |
1990年初,世界各國逐漸興起了區域經貿整合之風潮,簽署區域經濟整合之國家,相互免除彼此之關稅,使彼此貨物或勞務均可自由進出與流通,藉以促進國內經濟發展。經濟自由化之意識於歐美地區起步較早,簽署協定之各會員國隨著時間相互增加並逐漸壯大,如歐洲聯盟(European Union,EU)與北美自由貿易區(North America Free Trade Area,NAFTA)已成為目前最具代表性之經濟整合同盟典範。為避免遭受歐美國家排擠,近年來東亞國家亦紛紛開始主動結盟,積極對外談判簽署多個自由貿易協定(Free Trade Agreement, FTA),然我國受限於國際政治因素,目前僅與少數中美洲邦交國簽有自由貿易協定,大型之區域經濟整合計畫則始終無法加入。面對「東協十加一」與「東協十加三」一步步形成,以及2015年底正式成立生效之「東協經濟共同體」(ASEAN Economic Community, AEC),以及2020年之「亞太經濟共同體」推動計畫,臺灣全然被排除在外,如不盡速研擬適當之對外擴展貿易政策,勢必將被迫面臨經濟孤島之局面。 綜上所述,為使我國經濟能順利與國際接軌,我國政府於2012年初開始著手規劃「自由經濟示範區規劃方案」,以自由化、國際化與前瞻性作為其核心理念,提出「突破法規框架,創新管理機制」之口號,並積極訂定「自由經濟示範區特別條例」草案,為臺灣將來加入跨太平洋戰略經濟夥伴關係協定(The Trans-Pacific Partnership, TPP)與區域全面經濟夥伴關係(Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, RCEP)創造有利之條件與環境。自由經濟示範區內大幅鬆綁目前我國既有法規對物流、人流、金流、資訊流及知識流等各項拘束,使於區域內進駐之產業能有強大的成長潛力,並期望以試點示範之方式,帶動更大的經濟效益。為使新法制之改革推動過程無窒礙難行之疑慮,本研究主要將針對下列三個課題進行研析:(1)研究分析鄰近亞洲國家自由經濟示範區之法制規劃,以做為我國自由示範區之計畫推動與立法參考依據。(2)研究分析我國「自由經濟示範區特別條例」草案。(3)檢討我國自由經濟示範區之相關重大爭議問題,並提出具體建議,冀期本研究之結論可提供政府之參考。 Since the early 1990s, the trend of regional economic integration has been steadily growing in the whole world. The countries that have signed the international trade agreements on the regional economic integration can be mutually exempt from tariffs, and the free access and circulation of goods and labor services can further promote domestic economic development. The awareness of economic liberalization has started earlier in Europe and the United States. As the number of signed members has gradually and significantly increased, the European Union (EU) and North America Free Trade Area (NAFTA) have become the most representative models of economic integration. To avoid the exclusion of European countries and the United States, in recent years, East Asian countries also have begun to take the initiative to form an alliance, actively engaging in free trade agreement (FTA) negotiations with many foreign countries. However, due to the particular international political situation, Taiwan has established FTAs only with a small number of Central American diplomatic allies so far, and there is still no chance for Taiwan to be involved in any large-scale regional economic integration plans. In the face of the forthcoming formation of “ASEAN Ten Plus One” and “ASEAN Ten Plus Three”, the “ASEAN Economic Community” that will be formally established by the end of 2015, as well as the promotion plan of the “Asia-Pacific Economic Community”, Taiwan must develop and formulate appropriate foreign trade policies as fast as possible to address the situation of being completely excluded from other countries, or it will be forced to become an isolated economic island.Since the beginning of 2012, our government has started planning "Free Economic Pilot Zone" to ensure the smooth connection of local economy with global business trend. With a core concept of liberalization internationalization and perspectiveness, this plan establishes the draft of "Special Provision for Free Economic Pilot Zone", which greatly unties existing legislative limitations on the flow of resources, manpower, funding, information and knowledge, for the industries setting up sites at this zone to develop their potential and bring more benefit, and further create advantageous economic environment for Taiwan.In the hope of effectively promoting the reform process of new laws and regulations, the following three topics will be analyzed in this study: (1) Explore and analyze the planning of the free economic pilot zone of neighboring Asian countries to serve as a reference for the promotion and legislation of Taiwan’s free economic pilot zone plan. (2) Explore and analyze the draft of Taiwan’s “Free Economic Pilot Zone Special Regulations”. (3) Review Taiwan’s major controversial issues related to free economic pilot zone and propose concrete recommendations. The conclusions of this study are expected to be helpful in providing a valuable reference for the government. |