| 摘要註: |
本研究旨在探討當前國土空間發展趨勢下,尋求農村轉型的一種新的解決方法。早期台灣的「以農扶工」政策,再到進口替代與出口導向政策,台灣戰後的農村發展策略其就是加速台灣的工業化,但卻也讓台灣的農業陷入產業的衰退期,台灣的農村空間與農地的使用產生了重大的變化,且各項建設投入亦缺乏『以農為本』的功能和內涵,致使農村發展不如都市完整與受重視,導致農村地方風貌不分區域呈現景觀一致化、單調化,人口外流、生活環境破敗等,已逐漸成為普遍台灣農村未來發展之問題隱憂。從學術的角度觀察之,在台灣現行國土體系中,缺乏指導非都市土地農村發展位階的法源依據,目前還以區域計畫法下的非都市土地使用管制規則來規範農地使用,而鄉村空間發展是一個綜合動態的過程,鄉村發展議題複雜且多樣性。故本研究主要探討國內農村空間發展歷程之回顧,瞭解當前台灣農村發展之現況,並歸納出農村發展主要的問題面向,並借鏡德國、日本、荷蘭等鄉村空間發展模式來初擬台灣新鄉村空間治理模組。 最後,以實證研究案例「屏東幸福生活公園」計畫為研究對象,提出屏東縣農村結構轉型及再發展策略,並整合知識經濟與健康醫療產業之導入,促使台灣農村區域多元發展的展望,在依土地性質做適宜的保育,開創鄉村新生活、新經濟與社會創新的願景,揭示台灣未來農村發展轉變的可能性,即提出後續研究方向。 In this study, one of new solutions for countryside reforms under the context of National Spatial Development trend was under investigation. In early stage, Taiwan's policy altered from "developing industry with the support of agriculture" to import substitution and export-oriented policies. After wars, the countryside development strategies accelerated the industrialization progresses in Taiwan. However, rural development strategies also resulted in the recession of agriculture. The rural space and cropland usage in Taiwan significantly change. Moreover, the input of each construction lacks functions and depths about "agriculture-based concepts", which leaded to the consequence that the countryside developments are not as complete and attracting as city. These are all reasons for the uniformed and monotonous landscapes, including the stereotypes of exodus, dilapidated living environment, etc., in almost all countryside regions, which has already become the widespread worries for the future development of Taiwanese villages. Viewing from academic angle, Taiwan's existing homeland system lacks legal basis for stipulating guidelines for the hierarchy of non-urban land in villages. Up to now, cropland utilization is still under the provision of the control regulation of non-urban land use under Regional Planning Act. Nevertheless, rural space development is an integrated and dynamic process. Issues about rural development are also complicated and diverse. Therefore, this study mainly investigated the history of domestic countryside spatial development to realize the current situations for Taiwanese countryside developments and summarize several perspectives for the main problems in countryside development. With references of development model of rural space in Germany, Japan and Netherland, the module of new rural space governance in Taiwan was firstly proposed.Finally, with empirical study case - "Well-Being Park of PingTung" project as research object, countryside restructuring and re-development strategies for Pingtung County was proposed. Integration of knowledge economics and introduction of health care industry also optimized the prospects of multi development in Taiwan countryside areas. The visions of proper ecological conservation according to the land properties, creation of new rural life, economics, and social innovations also reveal that the potentials for Taiwanese countryside development in the future. According to these visions, follow-up research directions are available. |