| 摘要註: |
按公共工程六倍罰款（又稱六倍扣減或減價收受違約金）係工程契約違約金條款下其中一種類型，此類違約金罰款倍數高達六倍，向為工程實務界所垢病，蓋受罰之金額可能超過承包商得請求之工程款報酬；惟目前國內學界文獻對此問題幾無討論，而實務判決亦不多。有鑑於此，本文從民事違約金法律制度切入，並以行政院公共工程委員會所頒佈之工程契約範本及法院現有之六倍罰款判決，分析六倍罰款之規範目的、構成要件、適用範圍、法律性質、瑕疵擔保類型及效力；同時整理六倍判決實務之見解作為客觀因素，並製作問卷以調查工程實務界之意見為主觀因素，綜合主客觀意見後，試圖於其中找出合理罰款倍數之界限，促使行政機關及學界能重視此問題，裨將來在訂約時能修正扣罰倍數之上限。 Public Construction Contract Six Times Penalty (also called Six Times Infringement Penalty Deduction or Assessment) is one class of the contract infringement penalty code. This class of contract infringement penalty, long criticized by the construction industry, calls for a severe six multiple of the infringement amount which can exceed total contract amount of a public project. However, currently there are few research articles examining this problem and actual court cases are rare and in between. The present research article relies on the Civil Contract Infringement Penalty Code, the executive branch’s Public Construction Committee’s Construction Contract Standard Template, and available court cases to analyze Six Times Infringement Penalty Assessment’s regulatory target, constituents, applicable scope, legal properties, defect coverage and effectiveness.At the same time we organize the interpretation of actual court cases as objective references and collect survey questionnaires as subjective opinions, combining them to work out a rational limit of the penalty assessment. The results of this study may serve to raise the awareness of this important issue and serves as a guideline for future adjustment of this particular penalty code. |