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Norm formation in space law

紀錄類型:	書目-電子資源 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Norm formation in space lawby Kimitake Nakamura.
作者:	Nakamura, Kimitake,
出版者:	Leiden ;Brill/Nijhoff,2024.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (xv, 304 p.) :col. ill.
標題:	Space law.
電子資源:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004709898
ISBN:	9789004709898$q(ebook)

Norm formation in space law
Nakamura, Kimitake,1969-

Norm formation in space law[electronic resource] /by Kimitake Nakamura. - Leiden ;Brill/Nijhoff,2024. - 1 online resource (xv, 304 p.) :col. ill. - Studies in space law,volume 241871-7659 ;. - Studies in space law ;24..

Includes bibliographical references (pages 281-296) and index.

Components of space law -- The history of the formation of the basic strucutre of space law -- Contemporary issues concerning space activities -- Ex post facto remedies for damage -- Space debris mitigation -- On orbit-servicing (OOS) and Active Debris Removal (ADR) -- Mechanisms for the sustainable implementation of active debris removal -- Space traffic management : a comprehensive approach to addressing contemporary issues -- Closing chapter.

"More than 65 years have passed since the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union) placed Sputnik 1, the first human-made satellite, in the Earth's orbit in 1957. Initially, space activities were mainly for national prestige, military purposes, as well as scientific research and surveys; however, satellites were later used for radio communications and remote sensing, including meteorological observations, positioning, and other purposes. It is not necessary to emphasize the enormous benefits that humankind has gained from these activities. The legal basis for governing these activities comprises the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty), which was adopted in 1966 and entered into force the following year, followed by the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1968) (Rescue Agreement), the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects (1972) (Liability Convention), and the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1975) (Registration Convention) (for the purposes of this book, these four agreements will be referred to collectively as "the space treaties"). In addition, the Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Moon Agreement) was adopted in 1979, although it has not yet been established as a treaty with universal applicability. Numerous non-legally binding normative instruments have also been drafted by several countries and at fora such as the United Nations. However, as a result of the development of space activities over the past 65-plus years, the international community now faces several significant challenges, especially regarding space activities in Earth's orbit. First, satellites that have exceeded their operational lifespan and lost their functions but remain in orbit as junk which may collide with operational satellites. Other physical obstacles to space activities include the remnants of rockets that carry satellites from the surface to space, and the fragments produced by satellites and rockets that shatter in space due to explosions (related to remaining fuel) and collisions. Such objects are referred to as "space debris" (or simply "debris" in this book; a detailed discussion follows in Chapter 3 and thereafter). Space debris is currently one of the most serious problems for space activities in Earth's orbit. In addition to debris, another potential obstacle to thesmoothand safe operation of satellites in the Earth's orbit is the recent significant increase in the number of satellites at certain orbital altitudes, which has further contributed to orbital congestion. Additionally, the rapid increase in thenumber of satellites has raised concerns over the risk of interference and the tight supply of and demand for radio frequencies for radio communication between satellites and ground stations as well as between satellites themselves"--

ISBN: 9789004709898$q(ebook)Subjects--Topical Terms:

347926
Space law.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

214472
Electronic books.

LC Class. No.: KZD1145 / .N355 2024eb

Dewey Class. No.: 341.4/7

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520 $a "More than 65 years have passed since the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union) placed Sputnik 1, the first human-made satellite, in the Earth's orbit in 1957. Initially, space activities were mainly for national prestige, military purposes, as well as scientific research and surveys; however, satellites were later used for radio communications and remote sensing, including meteorological observations, positioning, and other purposes. It is not necessary to emphasize the enormous benefits that humankind has gained from these activities. The legal basis for governing these activities comprises the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty), which was adopted in 1966 and entered into force the following year, followed by the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1968) (Rescue Agreement), the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects (1972) (Liability Convention), and the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1975) (Registration Convention) (for the purposes of this book, these four agreements will be referred to collectively as "the space treaties"). In addition, the Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Moon Agreement) was adopted in 1979, although it has not yet been established as a treaty with universal applicability. Numerous non-legally binding normative instruments have also been drafted by several countries and at fora such as the United Nations. However, as a result of the development of space activities over the past 65-plus years, the international community now faces several significant challenges, especially regarding space activities in Earth's orbit. First, satellites that have exceeded their operational lifespan and lost their functions but remain in orbit as junk which may collide with operational satellites. Other physical obstacles to space activities include the remnants of rockets that carry satellites from the surface to space, and the fragments produced by satellites and rockets that shatter in space due to explosions (related to remaining fuel) and collisions. Such objects are referred to as "space debris" (or simply "debris" in this book; a detailed discussion follows in Chapter 3 and thereafter). Space debris is currently one of the most serious problems for space activities in Earth's orbit. In addition to debris, another potential obstacle to thesmoothand safe operation of satellites in the Earth's orbit is the recent significant increase in the number of satellites at certain orbital altitudes, which has further contributed to orbital congestion. Additionally, the rapid increase in thenumber of satellites has raised concerns over the risk of interference and the tight supply of and demand for radio frequencies for radio communication between satellites and ground stations as well as between satellites themselves"-- $c Provided by publisher.
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